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Nobel prize in medicine awarded to US duo for work on sense of touch
诺贝尔医学奖授予两位美国科学家，以表彰他们在触觉方面的研究
Two US researchers have won the 2021 Nobel prize in physiology or medicine for work that unlocked the secrets of the sense of touch. Prof David Julius, a physiologist at the University of California in San Francisco, and Prof Ardem Patapoutian, a neuroscientist at Scripps Research in La Jolla, California, were honoured for their discovery of receptors in the skin that sense heat, cold and touch – making them crucial for survival. The work paves the way for a range of new medical treatments for conditions such as chronic pain.
两名美国研究人员因解开触觉的秘密而获得2021年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。加州大学旧金山分校的生理学家戴维·朱利叶斯（David Julius）教授和加州拉荷亚的斯克里普斯研究中心的神经学家阿德姆·帕塔普蒂安（Ardem Patapoutian）教授因发现皮肤中能够感知热、冷和触摸的感受器而获奖，这些感受器对生存至关重要。这项工作为慢性疼痛等疾病的一系列新医学治疗铺平了道路。
The award, announced on Monday by the Nobel assembly at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm, is worth 10m Swedish kronor (£845,000), to be shared equally between the winners. Prof Abdel El Manira, a neuroscientist at the Karolinska Institute and member of the Nobel committee, said without the receptors we would not be able to sense our world, to feel the urge to pull our hand from a flame, or even stand upright. The discoveries, he said, had “profoundly changed our view of how we sense the world around us”.
诺贝尔奖于周一在斯德哥尔摩的卡罗林斯卡学院宣布，奖金价值1000万瑞典克朗（84.5万英镑），获奖者将平分这些奖金。卡罗林斯卡学院神经学家、诺贝尔奖委员会成员Abdel El Manira教授表示，如果没有这些感受器，我们就无法感知我们的世界，无法感受到把手从火焰中抽出的冲动，甚至无法直立起来。他说，这些发现“深刻地改变了我们对周围世界的看法”。
“During the last year we have been socially distancing from each other, we have missed the sense of touch, the sense of the warmth that we give to each other during a hug,” he added. “And during a hug, these are the receptors that give us a feeling of the warmth, the closeness to each other.”
“在过去的一年里，我们一直在社交上疏远彼此，我们想念触摸的感觉，想念我们在拥抱时给予彼此的温暖，”他补充道。“在拥抱时，这些感受器给我们温暖的感觉，彼此之间的亲密感。”
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