本帖最后由 子曰汉硕刘老师 于 2021-8-17 18:03 编辑
It is also a huge operation involving hundreds of thousands of workers travelling across the country knocking on doors. In 2010 a quarter of Americans were counted by workers in person. It is not only the door-knocking, which begins on May 13th, that may be threatened by the need for people to self-isolate. The televised sports events that advertising would have targeted, such as the March Madness college basketball games, are all being cancelled.
这也是项庞大的工程，成千上万的统计员在全国各地挨家挨户地敲门收集信息。2010年，四分之一的美国人口信息是由工作人员上门统计的。而现在，不仅是5月13日开始开展的上门调查可能会因为人们需要自我隔离而受到威胁。广告商原本瞄准投放的电视体育赛事，如“疯狂三月”大学篮球赛，都被取消了。
Even before the outbreak of the virus this year’s census was raising concerns. The census is meant to record every single person in America on the day it is held. But this year President Donald Trump’s government wanted to add a question to the census about citizenship. The question was struck down by the Supreme Court. But Nestor Lopez, an official from Hidalgo County along the Texas-Mexico border, says he worries many people, especially undocumented immigrants, still fear information gathered could be used against them. People “do not want to be answering anything from the federal government,” he says. In fact, personally identifiable data from the census cannot be revealed for 72 years, even to other government agencies. But most people do not know that. And now they may never hear otherwise.
即使在病毒爆发之前，今年的人口普查就引起了人们的关注。人口普查的目的是将每一个美国公民记录在案。但是今年唐纳德·特朗普总统的政府想在人口普查中增加一个关于公民身份的问题。这个问题被最高法院驳回了。但是，伊达尔戈县（位于德克萨斯州和墨西哥交界处）的官员洛佩兹说，他担心很多人，特别是没有证件的移民，仍然担心收集到的信息会对他们不利。他说，人们“不想回答联邦政府的任何问题”。事实上，人口普查中的个人身份信息在72年内都不能公开，即使是向其他政府机构也不能公开。但大多数人并不知道这一点。现在他们可能再也听不到了。
So far the Census Bureau has only made modest changes. On March 18th the agency announced that all field operations are to be suspended until April 1st. On other surveys officials will make phone calls instead of visits. It has asked administrators of “group quarters”—institutions like nursing homes, prisons and college dormitories—to “choose a way to count their residents that requires less in-person contact”. But more radical adjustments may be needed. Terri Ann Lowenthal, a former director of the House committee that oversees the census, notes that the count takes ten years to plan, and “yet now the Census Bureau is being forced to make shifts basically on the fly”. On March 17th Brazil announced it would delay its census by a year. American officials might have to consider that, too.
到目前为止，人口普查局只做了略微调整。3月18日，人口普查局宣布所有的外出统计将推迟到4月1日。在其他调查中，工作人员会用打电话的方式取代实地访问。普查局要求养老院、监狱和大学宿舍等“集体居住”的管理人员“选择一种减少面对面接触的方式来统计他们的居民”。但普查局可能需要更彻底的调整。负责监督人口普查的众议院委员会前主任特里·安·卢文思（Terri Ann Lowenthal）指出，人口普查需要10年的时间来计划，“然而现在人口普查局被迫在慌忙中做出改变”。3月17日，巴西宣布将人口普查推迟一年。美国官员可能也不得不考虑推迟人口普查。
词汇积累
1. self-isolate 自我隔离
2. involve 英 [ɪnˈvɒlv] 美 [ɪnˈvɑːlv] vt. 包含；牵涉；使陷于
3. citizenship 英 [ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp] 美 [ˈsɪtɪzənʃɪp] n. [法] 公民身份；国籍；公民权
4. strike down 击倒，驳回
5. immigrant 英 [ˈɪmɪɡrənt] 美 [ˈɪmɪɡrənt] adj. 移民的；迁入的 n. 移民，侨民
6. identifiable 英 [aɪˌdentɪˈfaɪəbl] 美 [aɪˌdentɪˈfaɪəbl] adj. 可辨认的；可认明的；可证明是同一的
7. modest 英 [ˈmɒdɪst] 美 [ˈmɑːdɪst] adj. 谦虚的，谦逊的；适度的；端庄的
8. suspend 英 [səˈspend] 美 [səˈspend] vt. 延缓，推迟；使暂停；使悬浮
9. radical 英 [ˈrædɪkl] 美 [ˈrædɪkl] adj. 激进的；根本的；彻底的 n. 基础；激进分子
10. on the fly 在飞行中；忙忙碌碌
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