外刊阅读| 法国爆发 25 年来最严重罢工

2019 年 12 月 30 日

地铁瘫痪，火车停摆，法国爆发 25 年来最严重罢工

Macron waivespresidential pensionamid Christmas strike chaos

圣诞大罢工引发混乱，马克龙放弃总统养老金

Emmanuel Macron is to give up his own generous presidential pension in an attempt to calm anger over politicians' privileges, as French transport strikes caused chaos for Christmas travellers.

法国公共交通系统大罢工，使圣诞节出行的旅客面临混乱，为此，埃马纽埃尔·马克龙将放弃数额巨大的总统养老金，以期能平息民众对“政治家特权”的怒火。

With rail strikes continuing into their third week and travellers scrambling to get to home for the holidays, Macron, who turned 42this weekend, made the symbolic move to become the first president in more than 50 years to give up the automatic pension of more than €6,000 a month that all French leaders receive after leaving office, regardless of age or wealth.

法国的铁路大罢工已进入第三周，旅客们正排除万难，回家过节，本周末刚满 42 岁的马克龙做出了一个具有象征性的举动：他成为 50 多年来首位放弃养老金的总统。法国领导人在卸任后，无论离任时年龄多大，拥有的财富有多少，都能自动享受每月逾 6000 欧元的养老金。

Macron's office added that he would not take his seat in France's constitutional court, where former presidents are members for life and receive a monthly allowance of €13,500.

马克龙办公室补充道，（退休后）他不会在法国宪法法院就职，法国前总统们都是宪法法院的终身会员，每个月可领取 1.35 万欧元的津贴。

Le Parisien newspaper hailed Macron's decision to forfeit his presidential pension as "breaking with a dusty tradition of republican monarchy".

《巴黎人报》称颂了马克龙放弃总统养老金的决定，称其“打破了‘共和君主制’中一项过时的传统”。

Despite the strikes, the government insists it will plough ahead to unify the

French pensions system, arguing that getting rid of the 42 special regimes for sectors ranging from rail and energy workers to lawyers and Paris Opera staff is crucial to keep the system financially viable as the population ages.

尽管大罢工爆发，法国政府仍坚称，他们决心统一法国的养老金体系，他们指出，随着法国人口老龄化加剧，取消现行养老体系中的 42 项特殊制度，将对养老金体系在财政方面顺畅运行起到关键作用。这 42 项制度的受益对象涵盖了铁路工作人员、能源工作人员、律师以及巴黎歌剧院的工作人员等。

Macron urged the strikers to ease up for Christmas, saying they should

embrace a "spirit of responsibility". On a visit to Ivory Coast, he said:"Strikeaction is justifiable and protected by the constitution, but I think there are moments in a nation's life when it is good to observe a truce out of respect for families and family life."

马克龙敦促罢工者们在圣诞节前暂缓罢工，并表示他们应该抱着一种“负责任的态度”。在访问科特迪瓦期间，他说：“罢工是合理的，且受到宪法保护。但是我认为在法国人的一生中，有一些时刻，我们可以出于对家庭和家庭生活的尊重而休战。”

重点词汇

waive/weɪv/

v. 放弃（权利）；不遵守（规则）；不强制执行

例句：He waived his right to appeal.

pension/ˈpen.ʃən/

n. 养老金；退休金；抚恤金

搭配短语：draw/receive the pension

例句：We can draw/receive our pensions when we turn 60.

scramble/ˈskræm.bəl/

v. 艰难行走，爬，攀登；争夺，抢夺；炒

搭配短语：to scramble the eggs（炒鸡蛋）

例句：Tourists were scrambling up the Mount Tai to see the sunrise.（爬，攀登）

例句：Thousands of people scrambled for the concert tickets.（争夺，抢夺）

automatic/ˌɑː.t̬əˈmæt̬.ɪk/

adj. 必然的，自动的

搭配短语：automatic doors

例句：Citizenship is automatic for children born in the United States.

allowance/əˈlaʊ.əns/

n. 定期补贴，津贴；限额

相关词汇：allow（v. 允许）

搭配短语：a baggage allowance of 23 kilograms

搭配短语：travel allowance

搭配短语：monthly allowance from my parents

hail/heɪl/

v. 赞扬（或称颂）

搭配短语：hail…as/be hailed…as

例句：The 2008 Beijing Olympic Games was hailed as a great success.

例句：All hail the king!

forfeit/ˈfɔːr.fɪt/

v.（因故）失去，放弃；（因犯错）丧失，被没收

英文释义：lose or give up sth. as a necessary consequence of sth. else

例句：I forfeit one hour of sleep every morning just so I can get up and catch the subway.

plough ahead

（不顾反对或困难）我行我素；奋力从事

相关词汇：plough（v. 犁）

例句：The boss ploughed ahead with 996 policy.

regime/reɪˈʒiːm/

n. 组织方法；管理体制；政权

搭配短语：fascist regime

英文释义：a method or system of organizing or managing sth.

viable/ˈvaɪ.ə.bəl/

adj. 可以实施的；可望成功的

近义词：possible

搭配短语：a viable solution

搭配短语：politically viable

ease up

减缓；松弛，放轻松

例句：Relax and ease up a little.

例句：The rain was easing up.

embrace/ɪmˈbreɪs/

v. 欣然接受；乐意采纳；拥抱

搭配短语：an idea that I embrace

justifiable/ˈdʒʌs.tə.faɪ.ə.bəl/

adj. 无可非议的，有充分理由的

相关词汇：justify（v. 证明……是正确的）

词根词缀：-able（能够）

搭配短语：a justifiable reason

搭配短语：justifiable anger

truce/truːs/

n. 讲和（协议）；休战，停战（协定）

例句：Japan broke the truce.

例句：Can we call a truce?

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