本帖最后由 考研经验 于 2020-12-7 10:37 编辑
一、病毒相关Virus:新型冠状病毒novel coronavirus 肺炎pneumonia 新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎：pneumoniacaused by the novel coronavirus / novel coronavirus-caused pneumonia 病原体pathogen 中间宿主intermediate host 传染源source of infection 二代病例 secondary infection case * 二代病例：指被一代病例感染的本土病人 隐性感染 asymptomatic infection 隐性感染：指感染了病毒，但无明显症状的病例 潜伏期 incubation /ˌɪŋkjuˈbeɪʃn/ period…
二、传播相关Spread传播途径route of transmission 飞沫传播droplet transmission 气溶胶传播aerosol transmission 接触传播contact transmission 垂直传播vertical transmission 人传人 human-to-human transmission 易感人群susceptible population 密切接触者：closecontact 潜伏期incubation, latent period 粪口传播fecal-oraltransmission 疫情epidemic, outbreak 散发sporadic case 爆发outbreak 流行prevalence 传染contagion 大流行pandemic 疫区affected area 输入性病例 imported case 输入性病例：指来自疫情流行区的病例，也称一代病例
三、病例相关Case:感染病例 caseof infection 疑似病例suspected case 无症状病例asymptomatic case 重症病例severe case 确诊病例confirmed case 新增病例数number of new cases 累计病例数cumulative number of cases 死亡病例数number of deaths 治愈病例cured case 病死率fatality rate 基本再生率basic reproduction rate
四、症状相关Symptom:咳嗽 tocough. 打喷嚏 tosneeze. 痰sputum 吐痰 tospit 吸入 toinhale 呼出 toexhale 污染contamination 症状symptom 发热fever 头痛headache 乏力fatigue 干咳 drycough 鼻塞stuffy nose 流涕runny nose 咽痛 sorethroat 腹泻diarrhea 呼吸困难difficulty in breathing 生物学相关Biology 呼吸系统respiratory system 呼吸道respiratory tract 鼻腔nasal cavity 口腔 oralcavity 咽pharynx 喉larynx 气管trachea 支气管bronchi 肺 lung 黏膜mucosa 肺叶 lobe 发热、咳嗽、呼吸困难：fever,cough and difficulty in breathing 急性呼吸道感染病状：acute/əˈkjuːt /respiratory / rəˈspɪrətri/ infection symptom
五、防护设备Equipment医疗物资：medicalsupplies 隔离quarantine 口罩 mask 医用外科口罩surgical mask 防护服protective clothing 护目镜 eyeshields, goggles 鞋套 shoecovers 手套gloves 一次性disposable 穿戴 towear 祛除 toremove 消毒disinfection 消毒剂disinfectant 含氯消毒液chlorinated disinfectant 酒精alcohol 喷洒 tospray 洗手液 handsanitizer, liquid soap 一次性手套：disposablegloves
六、医疗相关medicine临床试验clinical trial 核酸检测nucleic acid testing 试剂盒testing kit 疫苗vaccine 红外体温测量仪infrared thermometer 体温检测热像仪thermal imaging camera for temperature monitoring 感染者infected person 护理者caregiver 接受医学观察：beunder medical observation 紧急救治emergencytreatment 外科处置surgicaltreatment 临床检验clinicaltests 隔离病房isolationward 观察室observationward 盐水saline 防疫preventionand control of the virus
七、机构相关Institution世界卫生组织WHO=World Health Organization 卫健委Health Commission 国际关注的公共卫生突发事件PHEIC=Public Health Emergency of International Concern 国家卫生健康委员会 National Health Commission (NHC) 美国疾病控制与预防中心Centers for Disease Control and Prevention（CDC） 应急医院 makeshift hospital 重大突发公共卫生事件一级响应：first-levelpublic health emergency response 定点医院designated hospitals 发热门诊fever clinic 重症监护病房intensive care unit (ICU) 检疫所quarantine office 药店pharmacy; drugstore
八、防疫相关Prevention疫情防控：epidemicprevention and control 遏制疫情蔓延 tocontain the outbreak 封城 Acity is on lockdown./A city goes into lockdown. 延迟开学 topostpone the reopening of schools 延长春节假期 toextend the Chinese New Year holiday （公共场所）消毒、通风以及体温检测disinfection,ventilation and body temperature monitoring (in public areas) 取消大型集会 tocancel mass gatherings 减少外出 tomake fewer trips outside 控制人口流动 tocurb population flow 两周观察期two-week observation period
九、国内（外）防疫抗疫期间常用英文词汇与表达1.生命重于泰山 Savinglives is of paramount importance. 2.疫情就是命令，防控就是责任 Gowhere there is epidemic, fight it till it perishes. 3.向疫情全面宣战 declarean all-out war on the epidemic 4.没有硝烟的战争 awar without smoke 5.坚决打赢疫情防控的人民战争、总体战、阻击战 bedetermined to fight and win the battle against the epidemic by mobilizing allresources, and blocking the spread of the virus 6.举国机制 nationwidemechanism 7.坚持全国一盘棋 ensurea coordinated national response 8.抗击疫情第一线 thefront line of the battle against the epidemic 9.武汉胜则湖北胜，湖北胜则全国胜 IfWuhan wins, Hubei wins. If Hubei wins, the whole country wins. 10.英雄的城市 heroiccity 11.打好武汉保卫战 winthe battle against the coronavirus and protect the city of Wuhan 12.驰援武汉 raceagainst the clock to assist Wuhan 13.科学防治、依法防治、精准防治、深入落实 implementationof science-based, legal, and targeted measures in the prevention and control ofthe epidemic 14.突出重点、统筹兼顾、分类指导、分区施策 focuson key issues, strengthen coordination, give sector-specific guidance, andapply different policies for different areas 15.国家公共卫生应急管理体系 thenational public health emergency management system 16.统筹疫情防控与经济社会秩序恢复 implementationof epidemic prevention and control measures in tandem with those aimed atgetting the economy and society back to normal 17.公开、透明、负责任态度 anopen, transparent and responsible manner 18.疫情防控国家重点医疗物资保障调度平台 thenational distribution center /platform for major anti-epidemic medical supplies 19.保障医疗防护物资供应 ensurethe supply of medical protective equipment 20.对口支援 pairingassistance (a national strategy in China for one province or a major city toprovide assistance to a designated region in need of help) 21.增强收治能力 raisethe hospital admission capacity 22.密切跟踪、及时分析、迅速行动 closelymonitor, timely analyze, and swiftly respond to the epidemic 23.提高救治水平 improvethe quality of medical treatment 24.集中患者、集中专家、集中资源、集中救治 treatingthe infected in dedicated facilities by senior medical professionals from allover the country and with all necessary resources 25.“一人一方案”“一人一团队” adedicated team and a personalized treatment plan for each patient 26.优先通行、免费通行 priorityand toll-free access 27.减免养老、失业以及工伤这三项社会保险单位的缴费 reductionin or an exemption from required premiums to be paid by employers for theiremployees’ old-age, unemployment and work-related injury insurances 28.防止信息恐慌 preventpanic and manage information properly 29.杜绝瞒报漏报 sayNO to concealing or underreporting infections 30.打击假冒伪劣 crackdown on fake and shoddy products 31.禁止密集聚会 banmass gatherings 32.《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》 Lawof the People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Treatment of InfectiousDiseases 33.国务院联防联控机制 theJoint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council 34.重大疫情防控体制机制 themechanism for major epidemic prevention and control 35.疫情可防、可控、可治 anepidemic that can be prevented, controlled and stopped 36.群防群控 strengthensociety-wide efforts to prevent and control the epidemic 37.防止疫情跨境传播 preventthe epidemic from spreading across borders 38.做好重点地区疫情防控 strengthenepidemic prevention and control in key regions 39.做好返程人员疫情防控 takemeasures to help returnees from infected regions in order to prevent anypossible spread of the coronavirus 40.外防输入内防扩散 preventthe spread of the coronavirus from both within and without of a city (or anarea) 41.分区分级精准防控 aregion-specific, multi-level targeted approach to epidemic prevention andcontrol 42.差异化精准防控策略 preciseand differentiated epidemic control strategies 43.社区疫情防控 community-basedepidemic prevention and control 44.防控力量向社区下沉 empowercommunities to prevent and control the spread of the coronavirus 45.防止大规模社区传播 preventthe wide spread of the coronavirus in communities 46.不漏一户、不漏一人 leaveno one unscreened 47.室内空气流通 indoorventilation 48.可重复使用口罩 reusablemask 49.医学排查 medicalscreening 50.医学巡查 medicalinspection 51.CT影像 computedtomography imaging 52.卫生检疫 healthquarantine 53.疫情监测 epidemicmonitoring 54.新型冠状病毒成功分离 successfulisolation of a novel coronavirus 55.《新型冠状病毒感染的肺炎诊疗方案》 Guidelineson the Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia Diagnosis and Treatment 56.收治率 patientadmission rate 57.临床试验 clinicaltrials 58.血浆治疗 infusionsof blood plasma 59.恢复期血浆 convalescentplasma therapy 60.抗病毒治疗 antiviraltherapy 61.抗生素治疗 antibiotictherapy 62.中医治疗 TCM(traditional Chinese medicine) therapy 63.中西医结合/中西医并用 combineduse of TCM and Western medicine 64.隔空诊疗 onlinediagnosis and treatment 65.在线问诊 onlinemedical inquiries 66.智慧医疗 smartmedical care 67.数字医疗服务 digitalmedical services 68.氢氧治疗仪 oxy-hydrogenbreathing machine 69.随访和复诊 follow-upand subsequent visits 70.吹哨人 whistleblower 71.逆行者 peoplewho brave a dangerous situation 72.最美逆行者 heroesin harm’s way (the brave, unhesitating rescuers who rush to the epicenter ofthe virus) 或braverescuers who go in the teeth of danger 73.新型冠状病毒肺炎 COVID-19 74.甲型H1N1流感 2009H1N1 Flu 75.卫生系统 healthsystem 76.流行病学史 historicalepidemiology 77.甲类传染病 categoryA infectious diseases 78.超长潜伏期 ultra-longincubation period 79.气溶胶传播 aerosoltransmission 80.粪口传播 fecal-oraltransmission 81.交叉感染 crossinfection 82.疫情峰值 epidemicpeak 83.拐点 turningpoint 84.致病源 pathogen 85.临床诊断病例 clinicallydiagnosed cases 86.临床症状 clinicalsigns and symptoms 87.初发症状 incipientsymptoms 88.并发症状 syndrome 或symptomsof complications 89.抗体 antibody 90.特异性抗体 specificantibody 91.IgM抗体检测 IgMantibody test 92.四抗二平衡（所谓“四抗”，第一是抗病毒；第二是抗休克；第三是抗低氧血症；第四是抗继发感染。“二平衡”，即维持水电解质、酸碱平衡以及维持微生态平衡） combineduse of anti-viral, anti-shock, anti-hypoxemia medication, and measures toprevent secondary infections maintainthe water and electrolyte balance, acid-base balance and microecologicalbalance 93.特效药 specificmedicine 94.试剂盒 testkit 95.呼吸机 ventilator/ respirator 96.同情用药 compassionateuse of a drug (use a drug not yet approved under the compassionate use program) 97.世卫组织驻华代表处 WHOChina Representative Office 98.全球防范监测委员会 GlobalPreparedness Monitoring Board (GPMB) 99.国际病毒分类委员会 InternationalCommittee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV) 100.冠状病毒工作组 CoronavirusStudy Group (CSG) 101.国家市场监管总局 StateAdministration for Market Regulation (SAMR) 102.国家药品监督管理局 NationalMedical Products Administration (NMPA) 103.国家中医药管理局 NationalAdministration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (NATCM) 104.中国红十字会 RedCross Society of China 105.中国红十字基金会 ChineseRed Cross Foundation (CRCF) 106.武汉病毒所 WuhanInstitute of Virology 107.中国人民解放军军事医学科学院 Academyof Military Medical Sciences 108.疾病预防控制机构 diseaseprevention and control institutions 109.吉利德科学公司 GileadSciences 110.临时医院 improvisedhospital 111.方舱医院 temporarytreatment centers 112.重症监护病区 intensivecare unit (ICU) 113.重症病区 specialward (for patients with severe conditions) 114.普通病区 inpatientward 115.隔离病房 isolationward 116.感染控制、检验、特诊、放射诊断科室 infectioncontrol, clinical laboratory, special service and radiodiagnosis departments 117.生活必需品 necessitiesof life 或daily necessities 118.错峰上下班 staggeredrush hour plan 119.居家办公 workfrom home 120.在线教育 onlineeducation 121.在线直播 livestreaming 122.远程办公 telecommuting 123.云办公软件 cloud-basedoffice tools 124.网上就业服务 onlinerecruitment services 125.开足马力（满负荷生产）gofull steam ahead 或operateat full capacity 126.有序复工resumeproduction in an orderly manner 127.全球公共卫生安全globalpublic health security 128.山川异域，风月同天Whilemountains and rivers separate us, we enjoy the same moonlight under the samesky. 或milesapart but close at heart 129.岂曰无衣，与子同裳Fearnot the want of armor, for mine is also yours to wear. 或Togetherwe stand, my armors thine. 130.疫情无国界，人间有真情Virusknows no borders, but the worst of times reveals the best in people. 131.投我以木桃，报之以琼瑶Youthrow a peach to me, I give you a white jade for friendship. 或Youtoss me a peach, I give you a white jade in return. 132.旅行限制travelrestriction 133.贸易禁令traderestriction 134.“钻石公主”号邮轮DiamondPrincess cruise ship
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