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标题: 如何发现幼儿抑郁症 [打印本页]

作者: 子曰汉硕刘老师    时间: 2021-12-5 16:08
标题: 如何发现幼儿抑郁症
背景知识
抑郁症是现在最常见的一种心理疾病,以连续且长期的心情不好为主要的临床特征,是现在心理疾病最重要的类型。临床可见,心情不好和现实生活过得不开心,情绪长时间地低落消沉,从一开始的闷闷不乐到最后的悲痛欲绝,自卑、痛苦,悲观、厌世,感觉活着的每一天都是在绝望地折磨自己,消极,逃避,最后甚至更有自杀企图和行为。患者患有躯体化疼痛,胸闷,气短。呼吸急促,困难。每天只想躺在床上,什么都不想动。有明显的焦虑。更严重者会出现幻听、被害妄想症、多重人格等精神分裂症状。抑郁症每次发作,度日如年,持续至少2周以上,有些持续一年,有些甚至持续数年,且大多数病例有反复发作的倾向。

正文阅读
How to Spot Depression in Young Children
如何发现幼儿抑郁症

When parents bring their children in for medical care these days, there is no such thing as a casual, “Hey, how’s it going?” We doctors walk into every exam room prepared to hear a story of sadness and stress, or at the very least, of coping and keeping it together in this very hard year, full of isolation, loss, tragedy and hardship, with routines disrupted and comfort hard to come by.
如今,当父母带孩子来接受医疗护理时,不会随便问一句:“嘿,最近怎么样?” 我们医生走进每一间检查室,都准备好要听一个悲伤和(充满)压力的故事,或者至少是在这非常艰难的一年里如何应对以及和它共处。这一年充满了孤独、损失、悲剧和艰难,日常生活被打乱,难以获得安慰。

Parents have carried heavy burdens of stress and responsibility, worrying about themselves but also watching their children struggle, and there is worldwide concern about depression and suicidality among young people. But it isn’t only the adults and the young adults and teenagers who are suffering and sad; young children can also experience depression, but it can look very different, which makes it challenging for parents — or doctors — to recognize it and provide help.
父母们背负着沉重的压力和责任,既担心自己,又看着自己的孩子挣扎,全世界都在关注年轻人的抑郁症和自杀倾向。但痛苦和悲伤的不仅仅是成年人、年轻人和青少年; 年幼的儿童也可能会患上抑郁症,但它看起来非常不同,这使得父母或医生很难识别并提供帮助。

Rachel Busman, a clinical psychologist at the Child Mind Institute in New York City, said that it can be hard to think about depression in younger children because we picture childhood as a time of innocence and joy. But as many as 2 to 3 percent of children ages 6 to 12 can have serious depression, she said. And children with anxiety disorders, which are present in more than 7 percent of children aged 3 to 17, are also at risk for depression.
纽约市儿童心理研究所的临床心理学家雷切尔·巴斯曼说,很难想象年幼的儿童患有抑郁症,因为我们把童年想象成一段天真无邪、充满欢乐的时光。但她说,在6到12岁的儿童中,多达2%到3%(的儿童)可能患有严重的抑郁症。在3岁至17岁儿童中,超过7%(的儿童)患有焦虑症,他们也有患抑郁症的风险。

今日单词


素材来源
文本选自:The New York Times(纽约时报)
作者:Perri Klass, M.D.
原文发布时间:16 Nov. 2021

每日美句
Pain is inevitable. Suffering is optional.
痛是难免的,苦却是甘愿的。


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